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References

Allen SS, Bade T, Center B, et al. Menstrual phase effects on smoking relapse. Addiction. 2008;103:809-821.

American Heart Association. Smoking and Cardiovascular Diseases. Accessed at www.heart.org/HEARTORG/GettingHealthy/QuitSmoking/QuittingResources/Smoking-Cardiovascular-Disease_UCM_305187_Article.jsp on November 11 2011.

American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2012. Atlanta, Ga: American Cancer Society, 2012.

Bohadana A, Nilsson F, Rasmussen T, Martinet Y. Gender differences in quit rates following smoking cessation with combination nicotine therapy: influence of baseline smoking behavior. Nicotine Tob Res. 2003;5:111-116.

Carpenter MJ, Saladin ME, Leinbach AS, et al. Menstrual phase effects on smoking cessation: a pilot feasibility study. J Womens Health. 2008;17:293-301.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Annual smoking-attributable mortality, years of potential life lost, and economic costs --- United States, 1995-1999. MMWR. 2002;51:300-303. Accessed at www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5114a2.htm on November 11, 2011.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Deaths from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease --- United States, 2000--2005. MMWR. 2008;57:1229-1232. Accessed at www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5745a4.htm on November 11, 2011

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Quitting Smoking Among Adults --- United States, 2001--2010. MMWR. 2011;60:1513-1519. Accessed at www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6044a2.htm?s_cid=mm6044a2_w on November 14, 2011.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Tobacco use among middle and high school students --- United States, 2000--2009. MMWR. 2010;59:1063-1068. Accessed at www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5933a2.htm on November 9, 2011.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Smoking-attributable mortality, years of potential life lost, and productivity losses, United States, 2000--2004. MMWR. 2008;57:1226-1228. Accessed at www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5745a3.htm on November 11, 2011.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Tobacco-Related Mortality. Accessed at www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/health_effects/tobacco_related_mortality/ on November 11, 2011.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Vital signs: current cigarette smoking among adults aged ≥18 years--United States, 2005-2010. MMWR. 2011;60(35):1207-1212. Accessed at www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6035a5.htm?s_cid=mm6035a5_w on November 7, 2011.

Chakravarthy U, Augood C, Bentham GC, et al. Cigarette smoking and age-related macular degeneration in the EUREYE Study. Ophthalmology. 2007;114:1157-1163.

Gonzales D, Bjornson W, Durcan MJ, et al. Effects of gender on relapse prevention in smokers treated with bupropion SR. Am J Prev Med. 2002;22:234-239.

Gonzales D, Rennard SI, Nides M, et al, for the Varenicline Phase 3 Study Group. Varenicline, an alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist, vs sustained-release bupropion and placebo for smoking cessation: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2006;296:47-55.

Goodwin RD, Keyes K, Simuro N. Mental disorders and nicotine dependence among pregnant women in the United States. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2007;109:875-883.

Environmental Protection Agency. Health Effects of Exposure to Secondhand Smoke. Accessed at www.epa.gov/smokefree/healtheffects.html#Health%20Risks%20to%20Children%20with%20Asthma on November 11, 2011.

Hackshaw A, Rodeck C, Boniface S. Maternal smoking in pregnancy and birth defects: a systematic review based on 173 687 malformed cases and 11.7 million controls. Hum Reprod Update. 2011 Sep-Oct;17(5):589-604.

The CDC (http://www.cdc.gov/Features/PregnantDontSmoke/)

Mennella JA, Yourshaw LM, Morgan LK. Breastfeeding and smoking: short-term effects on infant feeding and sleep. Pediatrics. 2007;120:497-502.

O’Hara P, Connett JE, Lee WW, et al. Early and late weight gain following smoking cessation in the Lung Health Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1998;148:821-830.

Salihu HM, Aliyu MH, Pierre-Louis BJ, Alexander GR. Levels of excess infant deaths attributable to maternal smoking during pregnancy in the United States. Matern Child Health J. 2003;7:219-27.

US Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. Results from the 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Summary of National Findings. Accessed at www.samhsa.gov/data/NSDUH/2k10Results/Web/HTML/2k10Results.htm#5.10 on November 9, 2011.

US Department of Health and Human Services. How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease: The Biology and Behavioral Basis for Smoking-Attributable Disease: A Report of the Surgeon General. 2010. Accessed at www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/tobaccosmoke/report/full_report.pdf on November 14, 2011.

US Department of Health & Human Services. The Health Benefits of Smoking Cessation: A Report of the Surgeon General. 1990. Accessed at http://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/NN/B/B/C/T/ on October 31, 2011.

US Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke: A Report of the Surgeon General. 2006. Accessed at www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/secondhandsmoke/report/ on October 31, 2011.

US Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Smoking: A Report of the Surgeon General. 2004. Accessed at www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/smokingconsequences/ on October 28, 2010.

US Department of Health and Human Services. Women and Smoking: A Report of the Surgeon General. 2001. Accessed at www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/womenandtobacco/index.html on November 11, 2011.


Last Medical Review: 11/21/2011
Last Revised: 11/21/2011

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