The types of cancers that develop in children are different from the types that develop in adults. Although there are exceptions, childhood cancers tend to respond better to chemotherapy. Children's bodies also tend to tolerate chemotherapy better than adults' bodies do. But, because chemotherapy can have some long-term side effects, children who survive their cancer need careful attention for the rest of their lives.
Since the 1960s, most children and adolescents with cancer have been treated at specialized centers designed for them. Being treated in these centers offers them the advantage of a team of specialists who know the differences between adult and childhood cancers, as well as the unique needs of children with cancers. This team usually includes pediatric oncologists, pathologists, surgeons, radiation oncologists, pediatric oncology nurses, and nurse practitioners.
These centers also have psychologists, social workers, child life specialists, nutritionists, rehabilitation and physical therapists, and educators who can support and educate the entire family.
Most children with cancer in the United States are treated at a center that is a member of the Children's Oncology Group (COG). All of these centers are associated with a university or children's hospital. As we have learned more about treating childhood cancer, it has become even more important that treatment be given by experienced experts.
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