Treatment for prostate cancer that has spread may include changing a man’s hormone balance. This is called hormone treatment or hormone therapy. It starves the cancer cells of testosterone to help slow the cancer’s growth. It can be done by:
- Removing a man’s testicles (called orchiectomy)
- Giving drugs to keep the man from making testosterone
- Using drugs that block the body from using testosterone
The effects of these treatments are a lot alike because they all block testosterone. But some men would rather have drug treatment to block testosterone, because it leaves the testicles in place. If you and your doctor decide to remove the testicles, see “Loss of one or both testicles” in the section called “Dealing with sexual problems.”
The most common problem with hormone treatment is less desire for sex. Some men say that their sexual desire is still strong, but they have problems getting an erection. Or they may have problems reaching orgasm. Other men function well for a few years, then slowly lose interest in sex. The strong desire to stay sexually active may be the key.
Men who have hormone treatment for prostate cancer often make less semen than before.
Hormone treatment may also cause changes in how you look. It can cause you to lose muscle, gain weight, or grow breast tissue. If you are concerned about your breasts growing, let your doctor know before you start hormone therapy. There are ways to prevent or limit this. A program of exercise may help you limit muscle loss, weight gain, and tiredness. Talk with your doctor about any exercise before you start. Or ask to be referred to a physical therapist to help you choose the best exercises.
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