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| Trade/other name(s) Haldol |
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| Pronunciation: hah-low-pair-uh-dohl | ||||
| Why would this drug be used? Haloperidol is an antipsychotic drug, and is mainly used to treat mental health problems such as agitation and psychosis. It is also used to treat nausea and vomiting resulting from chemotherapy. |
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| How does this drug work? Haloperidol is a member of a general class of drugs called butyrophenones. These drugs can block messages to the part of the brain responsible for nausea and vomiting, making them useful in treating the nausea and vomiting that can occur after chemotherapy. The exact way it does this is unknown. |
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| Before taking this medicine Tell your doctor: |
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| Interactions with other drugs Medicines that are used to help irregular heartbeat may worsen the effect of haloperidol on the heart's electrical system. Many drugs that are used for mental health conditions (certain antidepressants, antipsychotics, and sedatives) can cause electrical problems in the heart that may be worsened by haloperidol. Medicines that make you urinate more (diuretics or "water pills") may worsen electrical problems with the heart by lowering your potassium and magnesium levels. Rifampin may lower the level of haloperidol in the body so that the haloperidol does not work. If lithium is taken with this drug, it has rarely been reported to cause weakness, fever, tremor, confusion, and involuntary movements. If this syndrome is not treated quickly, brain damage can result. Epinephrine may lower the blood pressure (rather than raise it) if it is given with haloperidol. The doctor can substitute another drug if epinephrine's effects are needed. Medicines for Parkinson's disease may increase the pressure inside the eyeball if taken with haloperidol. Anticoagulants (blood thinners) may not work properly. You may need more monitoring or dose adjustments while you are on haloperidol. This drug may cause a sudden drop in blood pressure when sitting or standing up quickly. It should be used with caution in people who are taking blood pressure medicine. Haloperidol may make you drowsy. This can add to the effects of other medicines or substances that make you sleepy or less alert, such as:
Check with your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist about whether any of the medicines, vitamins, herbs, and supplements you are taking can cause problems with haloperidol. |
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| Interactions with foods No serious interactions with food are known at this time. Check with your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist about whether foods may be a problem. |
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Tell all the doctors, dentists, nurses, and pharmacists you visit that you are taking this drug. |
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| How is this drug taken or given? Haloperidol is given two ways: as an injection in a muscle (and sometimes in the vein), or by mouth as a pill or liquid concentrate. The dose is determined by your weight and how well the drug works for you. Take this drug exactly as directed by your doctor. If you do not understand the instructions, ask your doctor or nurse to explain them to you. Store the medicine in a tightly closed container away from heat and moisture and out of the reach of children and pets. |
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| Precautions Haloperidol can make you feel very sleepy. Do not drive or operate heavy machinery if this medicine makes you feel drowsy. Haloperidol may cause unplanned movements called extrapyramidal effects. These include restlessness, tremors, sticking out the tongue, and unplanned muscle movements. Let your doctor or nurse know right away if this happens. These side effects usually go away when you stop taking the drug. The movements can also usually be stopped by other medicines such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl). Your doctor may also need to stop the haloperidol. This drug may cause a quick drop in blood pressure when you go from lying down to sitting up, or from sitting to standing up (postural hypotension). This may cause you to feel dizzy or faint if you sit up or stand up too quickly, which can cause falls or injuries. Changing position slowly can reduce the risk of these problems. Let your doctor know if this happens to you. Call your doctor or nurse if you have restlessness, muscle stiffness, severe anxiety, slow jerky movements, tiredness, weakness, fast or irregular heartbeat, or yellow eyes or skin. At higher doses over long periods, haloperidol can cause a movement problem called tardive dyskinesia. If you notice repeated instances of puffing out of cheeks, puckering of the mouth, grimacing, chewing movements, or sticking out the tongue, contact the doctor or nurse right away. Stopping the drug quickly may allow these problems to go away. In rare cases, haloperidol can cause changes in the heart's rhythm, some of which can be dangerous. Get emergency help if you have irregular heart beat, blue nail beds or skin, gasping for breath, or seizure. This drug can cause a rare problem called neuroleptic malignant syndrome, with symptoms like fever, tight muscles, tremors, sweating, constipation, and confusion. This syndrome can become life-threatening if not treated right away. If you have symptoms like these, call your doctor without delay. This drug can turn your urine pink or reddish brown, and is not a harmful effect. It goes away when you stop the drug. |
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Possible side effects |
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Common
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Less common
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Rare
*See "Precautions" section for more detailed information. |
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There are other side effects not listed above that can also occur in some patients. Tell your doctor or nurse if you develop these or any other problems. |
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| FDA approval Yes - first approved before 1984 (FDA cannot verify dates of drugs approved before 1984). |
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| Disclaimer: This information does not cover all possible uses, actions, precautions, side effects, or interactions. It is not intended as medical advice, and should not be relied upon as a substitute for talking with your doctor, who is familiar with your medical needs. | ||||
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