Most laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers can be prevented. The most effective way is to avoid known risk factors such as smoking and alcohol use.

Tobacco use is the most important cause of cancer in these areas. Avoiding exposure to tobacco (by not smoking and avoiding secondhand smoke) lowers the risk of these cancers. Alcohol abuse multiplies the cancer-causing effect of tobacco smoke, so it is especially important to avoid the combination of drinking and smoking.

Plenty of workplace ventilation and the use of industrial respirators when working with cancer-causing chemicals are important preventive measures.

Poor nutrition and vitamin deficiencies have been linked to laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers. Eating a balanced, healthy diet can help you avoid these cancers (and many others). Taking vitamins has not been shown to reduce the overall risk of these cancers and is not a substitute for a good diet.

The American Cancer Society recommends eating a variety of healthful foods, with an emphasis on plant sources. Eat at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables every day, as well as servings of whole grain foods from plant sources such as breads, cereals, grain products, rice, pasta, or beans. Eat fewer red meats and processed meats (such as hot dogs, sausage, and lunch meat).

There are many doctors working on treatments that prevent these cancers. None have so far been successful enough to be recommended. These are discussed near the end of this document in the section, "What's new in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer research and treatment?"

Last Medical Review: 05/07/2009
Last Revised: 05/07/2009