The exact cause of most cases of bile duct cancer in the United States is not known, so it is not clear how it can be prevented. But there are some things that may reduce a person's risk.

Maintaining a healthy weight is one important way a person may reduce the chance of developing bile duct cancer, as well as cancers of the gallbladder, colon, prostate, endometrium (uterus), kidney, and breast. The American Cancer Society recommends that people try to maintain a healthy weight throughout life by balancing what they eat with physical activity. This includes eating a healthy diet, with an emphasis on plant sources, and getting at least 30 minutes (preferably 45 to 60 minutes) of physical activity on 5 or more days of the week.

Other ways that people may be able to reduce their risk of bile duct cancer include:

• getting vaccinated against the hepatitis B virus
• taking precautions to avoid blood-borne or sexually transmitted infections by other viruses
• avoiding excessive alcohol use
• quitting (or not starting) smoking
• avoiding exposure to the certain chemicals (see the section "What are the risk factors for bile duct cancer?")