This information represents the views of the doctors and nurses serving on the American Cancer Society's Cancer Information Database Editorial Board. These views are based on their interpretation of studies published in medical journals, as well as their own professional experience.

The treatment information in this document is not official policy of the Society and is not intended as medical advice to replace the expertise and judgment of your cancer care team. It is intended to help you and your family make informed decisions, together with your doctor.

Your doctor may have reasons for suggesting a treatment plan different from these general treatment options. Don't hesitate to ask him or her questions about your treatment options.

The first part of this section describes the various types of treatments used for thyroid cancers. This is followed by a description of the most common approaches used for these cancers based on the type and stage of the cancer.

Making treatment decisions

After thyroid cancer is found, your doctor will discuss treatment options with you. It is important to take the time to consider each of them. In choosing a treatment plan, factors to consider include the type and stage of the cancer and your general health.

The methods of treatment for thyroid cancer include surgery, radioactive iodine treatment, thyroid hormone therapy, external beam radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. The best approach often uses 2 or more of these methods, and most patients are cured of their thyroid cancer in this way.

If a cure is not possible, the goal may be to remove or destroy as much of the cancer as possible and to prevent the tumor from growing, spreading, or returning for as long as possible. Sometimes treatment is aimed at palliation (relieving symptoms, such as pain or problems with breathing and swallowing).

If you have any concerns about your treatment plan, sometimes it is a good idea to get a second opinion, In fact, many doctors encourage this. Some insurance companies even require a second opinion before they will agree to pay for certain treatments. A second opinion can provide more information and help you feel confident about the treatment plan you choose.

Last Medical Review: 04/28/2009
Last Revised: 05/14/2009