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Researchers supported by the American Cancer Society have contributed to major advances in cancer research. Among the most significant accomplishments are: 1960 - ACS campaigns for acceptance of Pap test, developed by George Papanicolaou, MD, PhD. Widespread adoption of this simple test has resulted in more than a 70% decrease in mortality from cancer of the uterine cervix. 1962 - Hamilton Smith, MD, and Daniel Nathans, MD, discover restriction enzymes crucial to the later development of genetic engineering and gene cloning. Smith and Nathans win the Nobel Prize in 1978. 1966 - Elwood Jensen, MD, and Eugene de Sombre, PhD, describe the existence of protein receptors that bind to sex hormones and carry out their functions. 1966 - Henry Lynch, MD, describes the first hereditary cancer family syndrome. 1968 - Donald Pinkel, MD, uses high-dose radiation to prevent central nervous system relapses and achieves 35% cure rate in childhood leukemia.
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