After Treatment for Lung Neuroendocrine Tumors
For some people with lung neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), treatment may remove or destroy the cancer. You may be relieved to finish treatment but find it hard not to worry about cancer coming back (recurrence). This is very common if you’ve had cancer.
For other people, lung NETs may never go away completely. Some people may get regular treatments to try to keep the cancer in check for as long as possible. Learning to live with cancer that does not go away can be difficult, but many people find ways to manage their health and maintain a good quality of life.
Follow-up care
Talk with your doctor about developing a survivorship care plan for you. This plan can guide your next steps after treatment, including follow-up appointments and ways to stay healthy.
What’s usually in a survivorship care plan
A survivorship care plan might include:
- A suggested schedule for follow-up exams and tests
- A timeline for other tests, such as screening for other cancers, or monitoring for long-term health effects from your cancer or its treatment
- A list of possible late or long-term side effects, including what to watch for and when you should contact your doctor
- Diet and physical activity suggestions
- Reminders to keep seeing your primary care provider (PCP) for regular health care and cancer screening tests.
Typical follow-up schedules
Even if you have completed treatment, you will likely have follow-up visits with your doctor for many years. It is very important to go to all of these appointments.
For people with no signs of cancer remaining, many doctors recommend follow-up visits about every 3 months for the first couple of years after treatment, about every 6 months for the next several years, then at least yearly after 5 years.
Some doctors may advise different follow-up schedules. These visits often include exams, lab tests, x-rays, or other scans to look for signs of cancer or treatment side effects.
Managing side effects
Some cancer treatment side effects may last a long time or might not even show up until years after you have finished treatment. Your doctor visits are a good time to ask questions and talk about any changes or problems you notice or concerns you have.
It’s important for all NET survivors to tell their health care team about any new symptoms or problems, because they could be caused by the cancer recurrence, a new disease, or a second cancer.
Questions to ask your care team
- Do I need a special diet after treatment?
- Are there any limits on what I can do?
- What other symptoms should I watch for?
- What kind of exercise should I do now?
- What type of follow-up will I need after treatment?
- How often will I need to have follow-up exams and imaging tests?
- Will I need any blood tests?
- How will we know if the cancer has come back? What should I watch for?
- What will my options be if the cancer comes back?
Staying prepared and organized
Even if you’ve completed treatment, it’s still important to be organized and stay on top of your health. Keeping your records and health insurance coverage in order makes it easier to manage follow-up care, future checkups, and any new concerns that may come up.
Keep your health insurance
It’s very important to keep health insurance as a lung NET survivor. It can help cover the cost of follow-up visits, tests, and any care you may need in the future. No one wants to think about cancer coming back, but it’s best to be prepared.
Save your medical records
At some point, you may see a new doctor who doesn’t know your cancer history. Keep copies of your medical records so you can easily share the details of your diagnosis and treatment when needed.
Can I lower the risk of my cancer progressing, coming back, or getting a second cancer?
If you have or had lung NETs, you probably want to know if there are things you can do that might lower your risk of the cancer growing or coming back, such as exercising, eating a certain type of diet, or taking nutritional supplements.
Quit smoking
If you smoke, quitting is important. Although most lung NETs are not linked with smoking, some lung NETs, like atypical NETs, are. Quitting smoking can have other health benefits such as improved healing, lowering your risk of some other cancers, as well as improving your outcome (prognosis) from the cancer. If you need help quitting, talk to your doctor or call the American Cancer Society at 1-800-227-2345.
Adopt other healthy behaviors
Adopting healthy behaviors such as eating well, being physically active, and staying at a healthy weight might help lower the risk of recurrence, but no one knows for sure. However, we do know that these types of changes can have other health benefits.
Follow cancer screening guidelines
Lung NET survivors should also follow the American Cancer Society guidelines for the early detection of cancer, such as those for colorectal, breast, cervical, and prostate cancer. Screening tests can find some cancers early, when they are likely to be treated more successfully.
For people who have had lung NETs, most experts don’t recommend any additional testing to look for second cancers unless you have symptoms or if you or your family have multiple endocrine neoplasia I (MEN I) syndrome.
About dietary supplements
So far, no dietary supplements, including vitamins, minerals, and herbal products, have been shown to clearly help lower the risk of lung NETs progressing or coming back. This doesn’t mean that no supplements will help, but it’s important to know that none have been proven to do so.
Dietary supplements are not regulated like medicines in the United States. They do not have to be proven effective or safe before being sold, although there are limits on what they’re allowed to claim they can do.
If you’re thinking about taking any type of nutritional supplement, talk to your health care team. They can help you decide which ones you can use safely while avoiding those that might be harmful.
If the cancer comes back
If cancer does come back at some point, your treatment options will depend on where the cancer is, what treatments you’ve had before, and your health.
For more information on how recurrent cancer is treated, see Treating Lung Neuroendocrine Tumors.
For more general information on recurrence, see Understanding Recurrence.
Second cancers after treatment
Sometimes people who have or have had lung NETs develop a new, unrelated cancer later. This is called a second cancer. People who have had lung NETs can still get the same types of cancers that other people get. In fact, they might be at higher risk for certain types of cancer.
Getting emotional support
Feeling depressed, anxious, or worried to some degree is normal if you’ve had a lung NET.
Some people are affected more than others, but everyone can benefit from help and support from others, whether friends, family, religious groups, support groups, counselors, or others. Learn more in Life After Cancer.
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- References
Developed by the American Cancer Society medical and editorial content team with medical review and contribution by the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO).
Harms of Cigarette Smoking and Health Benefits of Quitting was originally published by the National Cancer Institute. NCI website. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/tobacco/cessation-fact-sheet#q9. Reviewed December 19, 2017. Accessed Oct 10, 2025.
Horn L, Eisenberg R, Gius D, et al. Cancer of the lung: Non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. In: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Doroshow JH, Kastan MB, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff’s Clinical Oncology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier; 2014:1143–1192.
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Last Revised: December 17, 2025
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